It is the angle between the flank surface and the horizontal machined surface. (iv) Flank Angle/Clearance Angle/Relief angle (γ): It is the angle between the rack surface and the normal to work piece. This surface is provided to avoid rubbing with the machined surface. It is the surface between work piece and bottom of the cutting tool. It is the surface along which the chip moves upwards. It is the surface between chip and top surface of the cutting tool. The cutting edge of the tool is formed by two intersecting surfaces.Ī detailed about various terminologies is given below: The shear plane is actually a narrow zone and extends from the cutting edge of the tool to the surface of the work piece. A chip is produced ahead of the cutting tool by deforming and shearing the material continuously, along the shear plane AB. Due to the pressure exerted by the tool tip, metal will shear in the form of chips on the shear plane AB. As the tool makes contact with the metal, it exerts pressure on it. In this process, a wedge shaped tool moves relative to the work piece at an angle a. Some of the main comparative features of both the processes are given in Table 9.3:Ī typical metal cutting process by single point cutting tool is shown in Fig. The chip flows in a direction at an angle with normal to the cutting edge of the tool. In oblique cutting process, the cutting edge is inclined at an acute angle (less than 90 degree) to the direction of feed. The orthogonal cutting process is shown in Fig. A perfectly sharp tool will cut the metal on rack surface. The chip flows in a direction normal to cutting edge of the tool. In orthogonal cutting process, the cutting edge is perpendicular (90 degree) to the direction of feed. (ii) Oblique cutting process (Three Dimensional)
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